Charity : P :: Retaliation : Q
Choose the appropriate pair of words P and Q that fit the analogy.
Options:
(A) P = Parsimonious; Q = Vengeful
(B) P = Altruistic; Q = Amicable
(C) P = Resentful; Q = Spiteful
(D) P = Magnanimous; Q = Vindictive
Official Answer Key:
D
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
### **Detailed Step-by-Step Solution (GATE AE 2026 Q.6)**
**1. Intuitive Physical Setup & Given Parameters**:
We are given the verbal analogy:
$\text{Charity} : P :: \text{Retaliation} : Q$
We need to select the pair $(P, Q)$ that matches the relationship between the act and the adjective characterizing someone who performs that act.
**2. Step-by-Step Linguistic & Logical Derivation**:
1. **Analyze the Conceptual Relationship**:
- *Charity* is the act of giving help/resources generously and selflessly to those in need. A person who practices charity is described as **magnanimous** (generous, noble-spirited, benevolent).
- *Retaliation* is the act of returning an attack or injury; seeking revenge. A person who seeks retaliation is described as **vindictive** (having or showing a strong or unreasoning desire for revenge).
2. **Evaluate the Analogy Pairs**:
- In Option D: *Charity* is performed by someone who is *Magnanimous*; *Retaliation* is performed by someone who is *Vindictive*. Both represent direct noun-to-attributive adjective relationships of identical tone.
- In Option A: *Parsimonious* means stingy/frugal, which is the antonym of charity.
- In Option B: *Amicable* means friendly/peaceable, which is the antithesis of retaliation.
- In Option C: *Resentful* does not describe charity.
**3. Comprehensive Options & Distractor Analysis**:
- **(A) P = Parsimonious; Q = Vengeful**: ❌ **INCORRECT**. Parsimonious means miserly, which contradicts the spirit of charity.
- **(B) P = Altruistic; Q = Amicable**: ❌ **INCORRECT**. Amicable means friendly, which does not characterize retaliation.
- **(C) P = Resentful; Q = Spiteful**: ❌ **INCORRECT**. Resentful does not characterize charity.
- **(D) P = Magnanimous; Q = Vindictive**: ✅ **CORRECT**. Perfect semantic parallelism: Magnanimous people embody charity; vindictive people embody retaliation.
**4. Official Master Key & Exam Takeaway**:
- **Official Answer Key**: **D**
- **Exam Takeaway**: Identify whether the analogy relies on synonyms, antonyms, or agent-to-action characteristics, and verify that both pairs preserve polarity simultaneously.
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